Amongst
the more prominent of the problems that (1)_____relations between
India and Pakistan was the Indus Waters dispute. This was a legacy of
the Partition. The line dividing the two Punjab’s cut right across
the Indus canal systems developed (2)_____ a hundred years. Pakistan
found that the headwaters of the main canals were on the Indian side
of the border. All the five tributaries of the Indus also originated
in India and flowed through Indian Territory in the upper reaches.
Even before Partition, Sindh and Punjab had witnessed (3)______ over
the sharing of the waters of these rivers.The situation worsened
after the (4)_______ of the Partition. There were hysterical cries in
Pakistan for taking up arms to defend their rights over the waters.
Fortunately, an arbiter came forward in the garb of the World Bank
that eventually succeeded in thrashing out a settlement. The main
credit should go to Eugene Black, the World Bank president.While the
negotiations about the sharing of the canal waters were going on,
officials from both countries were (5)______ with the demarcation of
boundaries that had defied solution all those years. These disputes
had arisen over the interpretation of the award of Radcliffe. Two
teams were sent out by India to tackle the thorny problem [in 1959].
The discussions the Indians held with their Pakistani counterparts
were in a spirit of friendship and cordiality hitherto unheard of in
Pakistan. To a large extent, this was due to the fact that the
leaders of the respective teams were old friends and college mates
from pre-Partition Lahore. The leader on the Indian side was Sardar
Swaran Singh; General Khalid Shaikh led the Pakistani team. Once
these two men established their (6)______, they left the details to
their principal advisors: on the Indian side M.J. Desai, and on the
other side Sikander Ali Baig. Once it was established that the main
purpose of the exercise was to achieve maximum agreement and that
neither side was out to steal an unfair advantage, it was easier to
work out a solution. It was found that neither India nor Pakistan had
an overwhelming case to be made on its stand on a particular dispute.
One side gracefully conceded the other’s claim were valid, and that
was that. In this way the two negotiating teams were able to settle a
number of irritants in this field and pave the way for a period of
real détente between the two countries.However, some [issues] proved
to be(7) ________. One of these was the dispute regarding the Rann of
Kutch. As neither side gave way, it was decided to leave it for
further negotiations through routine diplomatic channels.
Subsequently, Pakistan was to take the law into its own hands and
send a raiding force into the territory only to be halted by Indian
Army units. The dispute was then put to international arbitration, as
a result of which India agreed to give up a part of the disputed area
to Pakistan.Meanwhile, Ayub Khan had taken another bold step. This
was the decision to stop over at Palam airport in New Delhi [in
September, 1959] during one of his periodic visits to Dacca, to meet
the Indian Prime Minister. He was no doubt prompted to do so by
Rajeshwar Dayal, the Indian High Commissioner in Pakistan who had
received prior approval from Delhi. The Pakistani President deserves
full credit for following it through with good grace and(8) ________.
The Palam meeting, that lasted for nearly two hours, went well. At
the end, a brief statement was issued in which the leaders emphasized
the need to (9)_______ relations in a rational and planned manner. It
was also agreed that outstanding issues should be settled in
accordance with justice and fair play, in a spirit of friendliness
and cooperation. Later, when speaking to the Press, Ayub Khan
stressed the need for re-appraisals, for forgetting and forgiving,
and for a more realistic and rational approach to settling disputes
that had tarnished relations between the two neighbour states. For a
few moments, the ice seemed to be (10)______. Right-thinking people
on both sides appeared to heave a sigh of relief.
- A.)BedevilledB.) wonC.) weekenedD.) spoiled
- A.) uponb.) fromc.) sinced.) over
- A.) restb.) mayhemc.) meleesd.) wrangles
- A)Holocaust,b)notation,c)deluge,d)salvo
- A)Enjoying,b)prohibiting,c)denying,d)grappling
- A)Connection,b)clinch,c)grapple,d) rapport
- Intractable,b) boorishc)rude,d) generous
- A)Aplomb,b)ego,c) cognizance,d) desore,
- A)Deal,b)respect,c)misbehave ,d) conduc
- A)Broken,
b)melted,
c)frozen,
d)harden
Answer -
Answer -
- BEDEVILLED
- OVER
- WRANGLES
- HOLOCAUST
- GRAPPLING
- RAPPORT
- INTRACTABLE
- APLOMB
- CONDUCT
- BROKEN
Source - The Hindu
By- Avichal singh chauhan
